What factor is associated with an increased risk of Surgical Site Infection (SSI)?

Immunosuppression is associated with an increased risk of Surgical Site Infection (SSI) due to its effect on the immune system. When a patient is immunosuppressed, whether due to a medical condition such as HIV/AIDS, cancer treatments, or the long-term use of immunosuppressive medications, their body's ability to fight off infections is significantly diminished. As a result, even a small number of bacteria that enter the surgical site during or after a procedure can lead to an infection, as the immune response is weakened.

In contrast, wearing proper personal protective equipment (PPE) and using aseptic techniques are critical measures designed to prevent SSIs, reducing the likelihood of contaminants entering the surgical site. Similarly, while portal hypertension can have various health implications, it does not directly impact the body's immune response in the same way immunosuppression does. Thus, immunosuppression stands out as a key factor contributing to a higher risk of SSIs.